With the integration of digital technologies in manufacturing and the establishment of smart factories, the 4th industrial revolution, commonly known as “Industry 4.0” is catching on with manufacturers. Moving from high volume, low-variety
products to mass customization of unique product at lower cost, this personalised and mass production is made achievable due to highly connected, intelligent and autonomous system. Hence, the term Smart factory will be commonly used to refer
to highly digitized shop floor that continuously collects and shares data through connected machines, devices and production system. The data can be used by self-optimizing devices or across the enterprises to proactively address issues, improve
manufacturing processes and respond to new demands.